Devising the Set-up of Essential Equipments for a 250 Bedded COVID-19 Healthcare Facility for Mumbai and Suburban Regions.

The article assists with understanding the need to change the current accessible clinical resources; as well as gauging and sorting out the devices needed to provide food the uncommon requirements of the COVID-19 patients without trading off the smooth working of the medical services office without taking a chance with the security of the medical care experts conveying it. A primary objective of this study is to provide interim guidance for planning the medical equipment for an isolation facility in a way that satisfies the needs of patients in an exact manner. Additionally, to assist healthcare facility to follow the accreditation standards and plan the modifications necessary to ensure the safety of patients and employees. The documents reviewed for this study mainly focus on providing interim guidance, specifications, and essential devices for setting up of quarantine facilities in a COVID-19 healthcare facility. This study assists with understanding the rules to keep up with the current accessible clinical supplies and intending to procure more and usage of them at which departments to cater the extraordinary necessities of the COVID-19 patients without bargaining the smooth working of the medical care office and not taking a chance with the wellbeing of the medical care experts conveying it.

Oral Mucormycosis: An Inevitable Complication of COVID-19.

Individuals who have shown recovery from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are increasingly getting diagnosed with Mucormycosis or "Black fungus." It is a difficult condition to diagnose as it has symptoms that are common among a variety of diseases. Hence, it is important to identify the presenting signs and understand the underlying pathogenesis of COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis. The incidence of these mycotic infections has shown a substantial increase in current times owing to an increase in the prevalence of immunocompromised subjects, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Any suspected case of mucormycosis requires rapid diagnosis and management due to its rapid progression as well as the destructive course of infection. This article reviews the taxonomy, pathogenesis, and clinical signs along with laboratory investigations that may play a vital role in the timely diagnosis of this condition as it is mostly fatal.

Trends in mitigation of industrial waste: Global health hazards, environmental implications and waste derived economy for environmental sustainability.

Majority of industries, in order to meet the technological development and consumer demands generate waste. The untreated waste spreads out toxic and harmful substances in the environment which serves as a breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms thus causing severe health hazards. The three industrial sectors namely food, agriculture, and oil industry are among the primary organic waste producers that affect urban health and economic growth. Conventional treatment generates a significant amount of greenhouse gases which further contributes to global warming. Thus, the use of microbes for utilization of this waste, liberating CO2 offers an indispensable tool. The simultaneous production of value-added products such as bioplastics, biofuels, and biosurfactants increases the economics of the process and contributes to environmental sustainability. This review comprehensively summarized the composition of organic waste generated from the food, agriculture, and oil industry. The linkages between global health hazards of industrial waste and environmental implications have been uncovered. Stare-of-the-art information on their subsequent utilization as a substrate to produce value-added products through bio-routes has been elaborated. The research gaps, economical perspective(s), and future research directions have been identified and discussed to strengthen environmental sustainability.

Role of Hematological and Immunological Parameters in COVID-19 Patients.

BACKGROUND: The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to efforts from the medical and scientific community in understanding the biological basis of COVID-19 pathophysiological mechanisms. Thus, analysis of various hematological and immunological parameters may be helpful for COVID-19 infection evaluation for risks involved and effectiveness in management. AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the role of various hematological and immunological parameters in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis was performed on 300 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. All participants of the study were divided into - (a) Group I: patients with mild symptoms and normal chest radiographic findings; (b) patients with moderate disease presenting with fever and cough along with other respiratory symptoms, and (c) patients suffering from severe disease. Data collection was done from all patients at the time of hospital admission for hematological and immunological parameters - (a) total leukocyte count, (b) lymphocyte count, (c) lymphocytic subset count, (d) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, (e) D-dimer, (f) C-reactive protein (CRP), and (g) ferritin levels. SPSS 22.0 software was used for determining P values by independent t-test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: The median age was 65 years (interquartile range -57-71 years). While comparing white blood cell and lymphocyte counts, extremely significant P values were obtained. D-dimers and ferritin levels demonstrated extremely significant P values while both LDH and CRPs showed statistical significance. Correlation of lymphocytic subsets showed extreme significance in total lymphocyte counts in mild-to-moderate as compared to severely infected patients while both CD4+ and CD8+ counts demonstrated statistical significance in mild-moderate infected cases. Statistical significance was noted in D-dimer, CRP, and LDH levels also. CONCLUSION: Assessment of hematological and immunological parameters can be used to plan the management of COVID-19 patients.

Corona Virus (COVID-19) and its Impact on Health Care Workers

Pandemics always come up with various life-threatening issues. COVID-19 outbreak came up with the same issues along with certain other problems involving public, administrative and healthcare sector concerns. It resembled the SARS outbreak but posed such challenges against the world that are uneasy to handle. The disease which started from Wuhan, China has now affected almost every country in a ruthless manner. Healthcare workers are working day and night just to protect the citizens despite being at high-risk exposure and they are being aimed by the virus due to shortage of Personal Protection Equipment kits. Not only this, but they are being brutally harassed by the patients themselves. Social, economic, psychiatric and many other factors are responsible for deteriorating the health of these frontline healthcare workers who are now being allegedly regarded as "Healthcare Warriors".